Art of folding book covers



Sept. 23, 1930. P. R. GLASS ART OF FOLDING BOOK COVERS Filed Aug. 4, 1924 4 Sheets-Shee l Sept. 23, 1930; P. R. GLASS ART OF FOLDING BOOK COVERS 4 Shets-Sheet Filed Aug. 4, 1924 Septf23, 1930. R, GLASS 1,776,427

ART OF FOLDING BOOK cov'ERs Filed Aug. 4, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Menu ii 1 Sept. 23, 1930. P. R. GLASS 1,776,427

ART OF FOLDING BOOK COVERS Filed Aug. 4, 1924 H 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 23,1930

IERLEY R. GLASSQIOFYWAYLAND; MASSACHUSETTS, Assronon; BY iyrnsnn AssIGn MENTS, T UNITED sr'ron MACHINERY 1 AGORPORATION NEW JERSEY p and more particularly to the. folding of the,

' This; invention re ARror romaine BOOK COVERS iApplication fi1ed"August4,.1924;. Serial navzasao.

lates the art of folding imargins of covers of bookcases and similar articles'over the boards orotherbacking upon 'whichthe covers v Q invention comprising an..1mpro.:ved machine are mounted, the present forfolding such'a rticles.

of leather, imitation -leather-,.:cloth or the like V the margins of which extend beyond the edges I of, the backing andv then these margins and fold them overuponthe; adjacent margins ofthe backing.

I A The corners of covers of the kindreferred i toIabove are commonly of twotypes, rounded andsq'uare; the'presentinvention beingcon corned more particularlywith thefoldi'ng of covers the corners of which are rounded; InF

'1 ln the manufactureofmemorandum books, pocketbooks: and similar 7 toma-ry to attach toa board or backing of paper worlcardboard by means of,v paste a cover to apply paste to oneaspect the invention comprises improved -means for folding rounded corners... Such a corner should be evenlyplaited so that. the} I f0lded over margin may be asfiat as possible and the folded edge have a smooth contour.

Accordingto one feature of the present invention there is provided a, forming blockahaving. a rounded face adapted to berheldagainst'theinner face of themargin atl'a "corner'of the cover, means being provided.

' for' gathering the fmargin evenly about :the

' through the machine 1 block and for. thereafter bending the margin 5 the edge :ofthe board, but, I

is thin and wealqit is difficult .to make a.

'vention; a forming over the adjacent, margin of thebackingand pressing the foldthus'formed. uBy t'husca'us ing' the margin first to be gathered about the, forming block and thenfoldedover into place, there results a folded corner having a smooth edge and .flat, regularly-spaced plaits. V

The backing which is used in stiifness. I cardboardor other stiff materi-alit is possible cover directly over varies greatly to'fold the margin of the satisfactory fold in this manner. Accord-- ing'; therefore, to another feature ofthe in-" plate is provided over which the, margin at the corner. of. the cover articles it isfcusy the work in proper .such as part of a pocketbook.

a corner,

- in the operation of folding When such backingis made of when the backing,

be bent to form the fold.- Such forming the backingwith its edge in register with that of the backing while the margin is first gathered about the forming block and then is bent over the forming plate.

conroimrron, orrn'rnnson, NEW J RSEY;

plate may be 'a thin metal plate of the desired contour which is, held pressed against 1 In 'order'to facilitate the presentation of 1 vided, according to another feature of the lnventlon, means for locating the work propposition thereis pro- 7 erly by engagement with the straight edges,

of the work such means may convenientlyj consist of two upright plates arranged substantially ;at

.right angles to eachother and adapted to be adjacent to a corner thereof; and I lifted at the proper time to permit the folder e to move forward. I

.Referrmg now to the. accompanying .dr'aw- .ings thereis shown a machine adapted to fold the corners and the connecting straight or moderately curved edges of a piece of work Figure 1 1s a perspective of a a piece of work,

machine for folding the corners and connecting, edges of Fig.2 is a detail in elevation showing the connection between the one-revolution clutch I and the corner guide lifting mechanisnn 1 Fig.

3 i s a perspective of a finished piece of work, r r p -Fig. at is a vertical longitudinal section Fig. 5'isa perspective showing the workengaging parts in the position which they occupy at the completion of the folding of Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, show various steps F1g.,10 is a perspective similar to Fig. 5 but showing the work-engaging parts in the position which they occupy after the margin a rounded corner atthecorner of the cover has been gathered about the formin'gblock, I I

Fig. 11 is a perspective of the forming plate and the forming block showing themin the same positions which they occupy in Fig. 10, p Fig. 12 is. a perspectiveshowing the mechanism for rendering the clamping armsoperative or1noperative,

ered positions,

'13is a perspective showing more par-, the mechanlsm for locking the ticularly former and the forming blockinthelr low- Fig 14 is, a planof the two-part .corner folder and the slide by which it is earned,"

Fig. 15' is a view of the corner folder, the

slideby which it is carried,.,the.slotted part of the frame in which the rolls carried by the parts of the corner folder run and the folder for those edges of the work which are located between the corners. I The illustrative machine is particularly adapted to the folding of the coversof book I cases and parts of -pocket.books,such work commonly comprising a board'or backing 100. o-fjcardboard, paper or other suitable mag terial and a cover 200 of flexible, material which is commonly leather, imitation leather or cloth, the co-ver being larger'than the backing and shapedso that its margin pro ism,

jects beyond theedge of the backing. A coatand pressed down upon. the margin of the backing. Ordinarily a piece of work has four corners, theedges between the corners being straight or only, moderately curved.

Where-rQunded corners are desired, the backing is cut withrounded corners and the'coverwith similarly rounded corners or with cute oft corners and, when the corner of; such acov-; er is folded over the corner of such abacking,

the corner offthe cover shouldbe evenly i plaited as indicated at: the, corners 300 in Fig. 3; 1 With the present machine the work is commonly 'fi'rst presented to. corner-fold; ing mechanism which folds the round corners and then to mechanism for folding the edges between the corners, said last-named mechanism, aswill presently appear, be ng 'capable of taking care of cornerswhich are,

square or approximately so. "In Fig. 3 thereis shown a p1 piece having been chosen because it has round ed corners, square corners, a straight edge,

hand edges which are moderately curved.

edge GOO. It will be noted that the square corners 700 are'producedby'the edge foldingv This Iparticularpiece of work was presented six times to the machine, once eachito the corner-folding mechanism 'tofold the two round corners and then four times to the edge foldingjjmechanism, first to fold the curved edge400, second to fold one 01": the

:curvedledges 500, third to fold the other edge 500, and finally to fold the straight mechanism, the cover having been cut prop 'erlyto produce the corner shownl' if Referring now m'oreparticularlyto Figs; 5 to 11', a briefdescription of the mode .of operation o-fthe round-corner-foldingmech anis'm will first be given. Theportion of .i a work containing the cornertob'e'folded-ls ing of "paste i'sapplied to thisprojecting mar after which the margin is folded overece of work 'wh'ich is part of a fancy pocketbook, this placed in the manner shown in Fig. 6 upon a'table 19 which isgenerally triangular in shape, with the projecting margin of the cover restlng upon an edge gu1de2l haw ing. two faces which include between them "I an angle substantially equal tothe angle included between the two substantially straight edges of the-backing adj acent to the corner The shapeof the work support 19 as well as that of the edge guide is shown best in Fig. 1, the edge guide having two straight faces arranged at an angleto each" other. connected I by a curved face the I curvature of which corresponds substantially, to I thatof the corner desired to be produced .on

:thework, and' the cooperating edge'ofthe table being OfSlHllliLlCOlltOllIZ In orderto facilitate the proper.

vided. These two corner'guides are ,first 6. The operator then-manipulates the :work so that the edges of the backing adjaoc o ofthe work,'two.corner'-'gu1des 22 are pro cent the'rounded corners thereof are engaged forming plate 23 and forming'block 25have brought down it presses theworkd'own firm by these corner-guides. Up to this time the" ly upon the tabley19, thereby causing the pr-o-' ijecting. margin of the cover to be bent up wardly against'the edge gageQl, as shown in a Fig.1? j Power is now applied to the machine through a one-revolution clutch whereupon.

the following I movements take place. The

parts ofithe corner folder 27, move forward and swingtogether untilthey occupy the po-- sition shown in .8. In doing this they first gather the corner of the cover about. and.

press it against the forming block25 and then forcethe gathered portion beneath and 'past said block which is yieldinglymounted' so as 115' to permit the folder to. act in this/manner. In Figs. 10 andll' the work isshown at that stage in whic'h'the folder. 27 has gathered the margin at'the corner of the cover about the forming block. The operative face of the formingblock is shaped very much like the inner face of theend of a human finger,

being'rounded in two directions as shown.

The two parts of the folder 27are shaped as 7 best shown in Figs, 14'. and 15. Eachpart has a forward edge which is arranged at an angle to the forward edge of the other part; .1 and each part is cutaway inthe localityin which these'ge'dges, if extended, would meet,

so that when the parts are swung together SJ ilifted to permitthe margin o f'the work at '3 1 corner thereofto be pushed 'beneath them and are then permittedto fall, as shown in mar-5,427

I iofzthe forming block.v vDurin-gthe further forward movements o-fthelfolder, theforming; block .drags over th-e inner face of the margin. of the cover. This gathering of the upturned margin about the forming block and ,thesubsequent dragging, of the margin frictionally between'the folder and the block pla'its which are subsequently pressed flat in manner presently: to be described. The 1 next. movement *ofthe machine isthe' Withdrawal-of the forming plate frombeneath. the folded-over margin, as shown in Fig. 9.

The table l9then rises topress. the fold, and

. thereafter the parts returnto'and cometo rest'iinthe-position shown in Fig. 1. Itwill I be understood that. if the backing of the work is stifl enoughto permit the cover to bei fol-d'ed over its edge, theforming plate V may-bedispensed-With if desired andithe ork pressed down: upon. the table and held in place by the operator. 4

:Afterithe two round corners 300- have been I folded inthe manner described above; the

fourustraightor moderately curved edges 400,. 500 and 600- are folded byedge-folding portionsof different: outlines to correspond onetothe straight. edge600',,one tojthe' curvededge400 and one to the twolcurvedredges 500. Referring to Fig.1, thisguide, which iseindicated as a lwhole bythenumeral 29 has-a straightportion 31, a convexly .curved portion seem a'concavely curvediportion Associated-With this 'redge-guideis a folder.:3:7 'having, an outline to correspond .to' that iiof. the edge-guide,: said folder being connected: rigidly with the corner folder slide';39 (Fig. by pins 41 whicheXtend;

' into? holes .43- in manner 37 so that the 3 folder 271,;and thefolcler-3Z move. forward and back in'unison. A tablelies in front ofthe edge guide 29 and rigidlyconnected to the t1'"iangular table 19 of the corner-fold ing'mechanisms sothat the two tables move:

upand downin unison. After. the two round corner's300, have been: folded on the cornerfolding mechanism; the concave edge 4000f the! work. isapresented to the convex, portion 33 of the edge guide 29 and the machine put intoroperationi .In this edge-folding mech- =.anism no forming blockoruforming plate is provided-, but otherwise the action of the edge-folding mechanismis much-like thatof thewcorner-folding mechanism; The up.- standing margin of' the corner which pro jects above the edge gu'ide'Q-Q is pushed'over the edge :of the backing 100rby the forward movement ofrthe folder 37 and thefold' so" formedis-pressed' againstt-he under side of the folder when the table-45rises. The pastecommonly used tendsto. collect and harden on the underside ofthefolders 27and' 37 and position to moisten; the under sides of'the corner folders 27 and a SiHIllHTPlGCG 49 is 1 located with. respect to the edgew folder 37. tend to: cause the formation of evenly-spaced similarly The general construction and mode'ofoperation of themachinehaving been outlined above, adetailedjdescription ofithe various mechanisms will now be given,

Referring more partrcularlv'toa Figs. 1

and 4;. the table 45 of the edge-folding mechanism isfast to a casting51which isxvertieally slidable'in vertical guidewa'ys formed.

in the frame of the machine; andthe table" 19 of the corner-f0lding mechanism has its;

stern 53 extending into a socket in the' same casting and fastenedin place.- by a set'screw :55; The casting 51 rests upon. two heavy;

springs, one of which isshown; zit '57; the

which is shown at'61." Theplungers rest upon a plate 63 whichnis sustained by-a; square b1ock64-pivoted to the outer ends of the arms ofa forkeddlever 65 mounted Ion an eccentric shaft 67- the 'e'nds of which are loosely mounted inoalined bearings formed in the frame of themachiner Ehe endiofi thedever 65 remote fronrthe block 64 has a roll 71 which runs one camv carriethby a cam shaft 7 5. A spring-pressed plunger 77,) mounted" in a socket in the frame of themechine, tends at all times to holdthe roll 71" against-a the cam 73. Withnthis construe tionit will be evident that,' during a revolu-- tion of the shaft 7 5,-the two tables w and '45 will be raised unison topressthe fold and-:then permitted to return to the posi-- tion shown. The purpose of the eccentric shaft 67 is to permitthe initialposition of the tables 19 and' 45 to be varie'dsovas to provide for differentthicknesses of-wo-rk. To this'end (see Fig: a collar-69; pinned (to. the: shaft 67, hasan extension provided 3 with a segmental slot 70 and'a handle72 so that,-by turning the handle, the shaft 67 may be turned. Inorder'to hold'the shaft in any" angular position to: which it may be. turned; a screw bolt 74extends through the segmental slot,'i's threaded'into a boss onithe' frame of the machine, and-carries a washer 7 Band a coiled spring78. The extension in which the segmental slot .70 is iformed, is

. thus held frictionally against theend ofthe boss into which the'cap {screw74is threaded.

Turning now to'the" corner guides 22,.

these guides are normally-inloweredposb tion; asshown in Fig. 1. In the operationof the machine they are first lifted. to permit the'margin of the cover at; the corner'to be slipped beneath them; They are then" lowered again so as to permit the corner. porpart one revolution to -the shaft? 5; and, during this revolution,"the corner is folded in the manner which has been describ'echand" the parts of themachine' come to rest once morein the position-shown'in Fig. 1. Dur-- ing thisfoldin'g operation the corner; guides 22' areraised'andheld raised outof the wayz-of themoving parts of the worleengag ing-mechani'sm. 1 To this end '(see Fig. 1).

the arms 79, atvthe outer'extremitiesof which the corner. guides 22' are C2lI1Y1Bd, aIfl 1nteg r'al with 'a'hub '81 which is fast to a. rock- "shaft 83 mounted in suitable bearings in the frame of the machine. Also'fa'stto thisrock shaft are two arms 85,87 carrying respeo: tivelyxat their outer ends rolls 89, 91.1.Thefl- I sliaft 83'at all times 'tofturn in aclockwise arm 87 is adaptedto be'lifted'by the swinging of alever 93 (Figs; 1 and 2) pivoted at 95a) the frame of the machine and having at: one end a'cam 9.7 arranged to engage the roll 91. This leverfis normally held in the position shown by a spring 99and a stop 101 and has pivotedto its right-handend the upper end-0f a rod .1033 J The lower .end of this-:rodis' pivoted to the outer end: cofan arm 105iwhich is pivotedat 107 to th'e'frame of the machine and haspivoted to itnear its middle the upper end of a treadle rod 109 the lower end of WhiGh'iS connected withlthe toe end? of a heel-and-toe 'treadle, not shown. It will thus be clear that when the treadlee rod 109'is pulled downward,'the lever 93- is rocked in a clockwise direction, the shaft 83 is rocked in the, same direction,- and theicor-.

I s 'r; i thereby imparting one revolution to the shaft .Ashas been explained, the vcorner gfuides F 22are first raised and then allowed toifall beforerpower is applied to the shaft .75 to her guides 22 are raised.

bywhich-power is applied andparts of which v are shown in F ig. 2, is thrown into operation by. pulling 5 downward on the same rodf 103 which caus'esiraisingxofthe c'orner'guides 22.- The'constru'c tionfis such, however, that.

therod 103 1nay be pulled downtfar. enough to raise the corner." guides without throwing.-

inithe-clutch. Referringto Fig. 2, the clutch is thrown in whenithe lever 93 is pulledsdown I far enough to causethe lower end'of the arm 110 to contact with and push down the springsupporteddog 111. It" will be noted, how-v pulled down a short distance without affecting the-clutch. The clutch itself-will not'b'e further described since the details of its construction form'no'part of the'present inventionfland any suitable clutch which-will im- :-.part one revolutionxto the shaft 75.n1'ay be employed. The;constantly;r0tating mem in order to limit ad lowered position of the corner guides 22, a

. set screw112 (see Fig. 1) is threaded through one of the arms 7 9 and contacts at its lower i-endwiththe frame of themachinaa look- .nut being provided as shown to prevent it ustably normal" frombecomin'g loose. In order to' urge the corner guides continually downward.; an' arm 5 114 (see Fig.2), fast to the rock-shaft 83,

which is fast tothe rod, andurges the rock direction.

Tn theoperation ofthe toeend of the heel-and-toe treadle, not. shown, is x has pivoted to its outer end one end of a push rod 11 1 the other end of which is slidable L through aiblock 116 carriedby the frame of the machine."- A coiled spring 118Qencircles the rod between thebracket andfa collar" firstdepressed slightly soas to raise the corner guides 22 and is then released to permit I i the corner g ides to fall. Nextthe heel end ofthe treadleis depressed :to bring the forming plate 23 and forming block down into the positions shownin Fig. 6,v as will presently be described. Thereafter the. toe end 10f downward movement raises the corner guides thetreadle is pushed downto its full extent and then released. "The first part of the '22, and the cam 97 holdsthemrraisediduring the last part of theridownwardmovement whichv operates through the armj and the V dog 111'to throw in the one-revolution clutch,

75. This one revolution, amongother things,

causes the folder slide 39 to reciprocate; and,

22 are thus raised and held raised until the J folding and fold-pressing operations are completed, and return to their normal low" ered position just as the machine comes to? 7 rest.

Turning new to the two folding mechanisms, that for the corners and that for the edges between the corners, theslide 39 (Figs. 4,14 and 15)- is slidable' horizontally in suit ever, that thefarm 110 is spacedsomewhat" able ways formed in the machine frame.

Fastened to the underside of theslidei's a slottedmember 125, in the slot in which is,

received a roll 127 carried at the upper end of an arm'129 which is pivoted to the frame of the machine at 131 andcarries, intermew diate its ends, a roll 133 which runsin a track 135 formedzin a cam 137 fast to the shaft 7 5;

:1;776327 I I is The track is so shapedthat, whenone revolution is impantedito theshaft 75, the slide 39 is moved forward into the position shown in Figs; 8 and 9, remains in this 'positionwhile the'fold is pressed, and then'returns" to its initial position shownzin Figs. 6 and 7.

Referring IlOW'lll'lOlB particularly to Figs.

13,.1 iand 15, the'two parts :of the corner folder 27 are attached to the slideby pivots 139 and-each art'carri'es'at its rear enda I roll l llxwhich run one 11:1;621ClLC2L1T1 slot 143 formed ina stationary .plate145 whichlies [above the slide 39. When,-therefore, the slide b 39: moves forward the /parts of the corner folder 27 first move forward, then swing toward each other-atrtheir forward ends and ithen zmove forward again with the result, as

V has. been explained, that; the cornerofthe cover-is firstgathered aboutv the forming block, as shown in Fig'sxlO and 11, and is then forced beneatlrsaid tool.

Theedge folder 37 -is caused to move forwardand back with the'slide 39, as has been;

explained, by reason of the pins 41' inthe slide which extend intojtheholes 43 in the edge folderz Y g Turning now to the mechanismfor operating the forming plate 23'- andforming block I "'25, andreferring moreparticularly. to Figs.

1 and 4, the forming plate '231is fast? to the 1 lower endlof a stem-145the split hub a't .the'fl upper end of i which is adjustably fastened to. a hollow .shaftt'ltlfby a pinch screw .149. The hollow shaft 147 isslidably mounted in a tubular guide 151', and has at its right-hand end, as .view'ed in Fig. 4, a roll. 153 which is received inasegmental cam track 155 in a segnientalmemberlmi A coiled spring 159,

, :flocated between therleft hand end. of the tubular guide 151 and a collar 161 on the hol- 110w shaft 147, prevents chattering ofthe roll 153. in the cam-track 155. Thetubular guide, at its rear or right-hand end'is fo'rke'd and the forlrs terminate. respectively in hubs"163,z165

which are fast to'aline d rock shafts one "of which is shown at.167 (Fig. 4). Adjustably fastened to the shaft .167 (see Figs. 1 and 13) i is the hub of an arm 171; and to the outer end of the arm isnpivotedtheupper end of a rod 7 arm 17 5 pivotedlat 177 to the. frame ofthe'ma- 17 3, the lower end of which is pivoted to an chine. Pivotedf to this arm intermediate its ends is the upper end "ofa 'treadle-rod 179 which is connected with the heel end of the 9 been referred to aboveas having its toe end hefil-and-toe treadle, not sho wn,' which has fic'o-nnected with the treadle-rod 109. It will pressed againstrtheunder side of the folder 27 when the table 19'1rises, and is finally returned .to its initial raised position. The-forming plate is normally held-in 'rai'sed pos'ition by a spring-pressedphmger 181 carried :by the arm 171and cont-acting withia "stationary abut- .ment 183 (see Fig. 13.)), Aifstop screwlSO :limitstheextentto which the arm may swing upwardly. Pivoted'about a stud l82xcarri'ed near the outer end of theamn 171isa latch zmember comprising acarraer 185, which is normally held inthe angular position shown y a spring-pressed plunger 18a, and a latch member 189, said latch member being slidable vertically on the inner face of a downward extension 187 of the carrier andhavin-g driven into it a pin 191 extending nplthroughra bore in the carrier. A thumb screw 19.3, threaded into thercarrier 185, has .a collar 195 extending into a groove in the pimzso-thait, by turn-. ing the thumb screw, thelatch member maybe adjusted. lVhen the heel end'of the treadle referred to above is depresed to pull dowiithe tubular guide: 151, the beveled rear face195 of the latch189 rides down over a fixed hori-. zontal square rod1197 and :locks the tubular.

guide, and with it the forming plate 23, in its lowe'rmost operative position, '.as-. show:n in

Fig. 13. III-order to trip :the latch .at the proper time after the "fold has :been formed and pressed, a lever 1-98 thehub of which is pivoted about the axis of a rod 199 has at its outer end a roll 201 to contact with the beveled face 195 at the prop'erti-me and pushthe latch to the left to disengage it from the square rod 197, this action of the "lever 198 taking place when a projection203 on the cam 1'37 rides underia .roll 20,7 carried by the lever. .A spring-pressed pin 209 holds the roll 207 in contact-with the cam. 1

After the forming plate has been hrought down into the position sh'owninFig. Stand before it rises, it is moved into the position shown in Fig. 9 in order to withdraw it from beneath the folded-overmangin of the cover.

This movement is accomplished by swinging to the left, as viewed in Figie, the segmental member 157. Said member is carried at the upper endof an arm213 pivoted to the frame ,ofthe macl1ine at'215 and having in it aslot 217. Slidable in this slot is a block 219 pivotally and adjustably carried byan arm 221.

This arm is rigid with a hub'223 loosely mounted on the rod 199, said hub having also rigidwith its. second armi225 at the outer end of which is a roll227 whichruns in a camtrack 229: formed in the farther side, as viewedin Fig. 1', of the, eam137. The two'arms 221 and 225 form in'effecta bellcrank'lever, and, when the shaft makes one revolution, the segmental member 157 I is moved to move the creaser 23 from theposi- ,tion' shown in Fig.8 to the position shown in Fig. 9 atthe proper time. In=order to permit the extent of this movement *to be 'va-iied as Ilmaybe desired provision is made for varying "the positionof the block 219 in the'slot 217.

1 *receive a nut 235 against which rests a washer 2 p I fast tov rock-shaft 291 which is .rotatably 233.. The inner end of the pin is threaded to 236. The arm 221 is thus clamped between the washerandthe fixed collar 233. 1

The forming block 25 (Figs. 1,4: and 5) is fast to the downwardly extending end of a bent stem 237, the other end of which is adjustably fastened byauset screw. 239 in a socket in one end of a forked member one of the arms of which is shown at 2 11- These;

. :arms are pivoted on ali-ned pins, one of which is shown at243,which' are carried by the tubutends at alltimes to swing the forked member lar guide 151. A spring-pressed plunger 245 in a counter-clockwise direction-to an extent limited by a stop-screw 247, both the plunger formingblock is brought down with and engages the v marginfof the work yieldingly by reasonof the spring-pressed plunger 24:55

During the subsequent movement of the foldp Fig. 12, the arm 289is-in itsllowered, opera: 1 tive position being held down by a tension erv 27, the corner of thecover is first gathered aaboutthe forming block, as shown in Figs.

I 10 and 11,.an'd is :then pushed beneath the forming block, therebyraising the forming blookagainst'the force of the spring-pressed plunger 245. The effect of gathering the Icorner of the cover about the block and then r forcing the gathered corner beneath the block so that saiditool drags over the inside of the margin ofthe corner, is to .pfacilitate the formation of evenly spaced plaits and todraw the covertightly about the corner of the -backingi It will be noted that the margin is frictionally grippedbetween the folderand the forming block during the folding operation and that because of this grip the cover is drawn tightly about the edge of the backing. Since the formingv block is carried by the tubular guide 151, which also carries the forming plate 23, said block rises and comes to rest with the forming-plate when, the latch 189 is tripped.-

lVhen the straight or moderately curved edges which lie bet-ween the corners are being folded it is' sometimes desirable to provide means forengagingthe backing as near its edge as practicable and holding the work down firmly upon the table 45. This means is designed for use more particularly on work the backing of which is flexible. No forming plate is provided. with this edge-folding mechanism since itis possible to. fold the margins of the edges between the corners without the use. vofi a forming plate. The

present machine is provided with such means in the form of two pressers 283,285 (see 11 mvegaav Figs. whichmaybe held'in operative orinoperative position as may be desired; As shown 1n Flgs. 1 and 4 these pressers are in their raised, inoperativejposition. The

presser 283 is carried at the :upper endof, an arni 287,-andthepresser 285 at the upper end of an arm 289,.the hubs of both armsbeing mounted in alined bearings formed in .two brackets one of which is shown'at293, said v brackets being integral with the. casting 51 7 on which the work tables are mounted. Loose I not shown. As appears in Fig.1,this treadie-rod isatwo-part rod capable of eXtension." Referring now to Fig. 12,the pressers 283,285. are held'in. raised, inoperative position in the followingmanner. The'hub ofthe arm 289 has two extensions provided respectively with socketed. members 299', 301; and the hub of the ar1n'295 hasiintegral with it anarm 303Ithe outer end of which carries a spring-pressed pin 305 in position to engage one or the other of thesocketed men1-. zbers according to whether the arm 289 :1s1n

its raisedor lowered position. As shown-in spring 307' the upper end of. which is fast toa stationary pin 309 and the lower end to a course, be understoodtl1at,when' the arm 289 is in lowered positlon, the arm 287 "is also in lowered position since the hubs of both arms are fast-to the same rock-shaft '291. In such lowered position thepressers 283,285 lie so closetothe surface'of the work table 4:5 that;

the work, cannot be presented beneath them.

JWhe'n, therefore, the pressers are'in their lowered position" the treadle, not shown, 1 which is attached to the treadle-rod 297 is V The work is then pushedoverthe table'l5 beneath the pressers into proper position with respect to the edge-folding mechanism, and the treadle released, whereupon the'spring 307 causes the i pressers to hold the work firmlyin place durdepressed to raise the pressers;

ing the folding operation.

. In the description of the modeof operation of. the machine as given above, the corners are said tobe foldedfirst and then the straight edges ;v and the corner guides '22 are. described" 7 as'engaging the edges of the backing adja-' cent to a round cornerto facilitate locating the work. The machine, however,;may be used tofold the straight edges'first upjto points spaced from the corners leaving the corners unfolded, after which the ,workimay be presented to; the round corner, folding 1 mechanism; or the straight edges may be folded by hand prior to the folding of the round corners. In such instances the corner guides 22 do not engage the edges of the backing but engage the cover at localities in which the cover has'been folded over the straight edges of the backing. a

' The term forming block, as used throughit V out thelappended claims, isflused' to designate amember which has no fold-defining func- J'tion and at alltimes during its engagement "with the margin of the work engages the inner face of themargin between the fold line .andthe edge of the. margin .at alocality opposite to that" onthe outer faceiof the o fmargin which is engaged by thev operative face of the folder. 1

Y A machine provided with corner-folding j mechanism and edge-folding mechanism by which the corners and edges of a book cover or similararticle may be folded is shown and described in prior application Serial No. 656,557, filed August 9,1923, in my name,

and all claims to common subject-matter disclosed in that application and in the present Y one are contained in said prior application.

Having described my invention,xwhat I 3 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 'Patentof the United States of America is 1; A' machine forgfolding the margin at the :corner of thecover of a book case over the l '1 rounded corner of a board thereof having, in ,combination, a support'for the corner portioniof thework, a folder movable in a fixed vpath, a forming block the operative face of which extends above the work a substantial Ldistance,"said block :having a substantially I smooth rounded surface, means forholding the block stationary, for ,a'period in the path of movement of the folderand for. thereafter permitting it to moveaway from the folder,

c means acting to gather the margin about andj press it against the blockand then to fold, the margin over theboard," and yielding means for urging the-block against the inner face of the marginduring the folding operation. j

2, A machine of-the class described having,

incombination', a supportfor thevwork, a

f forming block adapted to contact with the inner face of the, margin at a corner of the work, a folder having a recess shaped to fit about the block, means for, holding theblock stationary for a period in the path of move- 1 ment of, the "folder and for thereafter per mitting' the block to move away from the folder, and means for moving the folder first to cause the margin at the corner of the work to be gathered about and pressed; againstthe rforming block and thenflto cause the margin V to be drawn frictionally between the block and the folder and bent over the body portion of the work. V I

' 3. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for the work, a

forming block adapted to contactWith the inner face of the-margin at a corner .of the work, a folder havinga recess shaped to fit about the forming block, means acting prior to the folding operation for holding the block stationary in thepath of movement of-the folder and forthereafter permitting it to move-away from the folder, means for moving the folderfirst to cause the. margin :at'the corner of the work to be gathered about and pressed against the forming block and then to cause the margin to be drawn between'the I block and the folder, and means for pressing the fold. a r

4.- A machine for folding the margin atfthe corner of the cover of a book case over the rounded corner of a book thereof having, in combination, a support for the work, a folder, means for reciprocating the folder and for holding it from lateral oscillation, said folder c having a, recess inits operative edge the curve atthe base of which is more abrupt than that at the round corner ofthe board, a forming block shaped tofit into the recess, and means for holding the block stationary in the path of movement of the folder and for thereafter permitting it to move away from the folder.

5. A machine for folding the margin at the corners of the cover of a bookcase over the rounded corners of the board thereof having 5 mechanism constructed and arranged to permeans for holding the block stationaryin, the

path of movement of the folderand for thereafter permitting it to move away from the folder, and means for moving the folderi first to cause the margin at the corner of the cover to be gathered about and pressed against the block and then to cause the margin, while so pressed, to be drawn frictionally between the block and the folder and bent over the board;

6, A machine for folding the margin at the corner of a book case over the rounded corner of a board thereof having, in combina- ,tion,a support for the work, a forminglblock adaptedto contact with the inner face of the margin, a folder having two convering operative faces, there being a U-shaped recess extendinginto :the folder in the locality in which the converging faces would otherwise meet, the curve at the base of the recess-being more abrupt than that at the round ,corner of the board, and means for moving thefolder first to cause the margin to be gathered about and pressed against the forming block and then to cause the margin to be drawn between the block and the folder.

i and the forming block to be positioned adjacent to the margin at the corner of the j'work and means for gathering the margin about theforniingblock and for drawing it beneath said block and laying it over into a'Yposition parallel'to the body portion of the l Work.

18." A machine of the class described havmg, in combination, asupport for the Work,

a forming platefor defining-theline of fold, aforming block, means for causing the forming-jplate'toclampthe body portion of the I were against the supportand the forming block to'be positioned adjacent to themargin forming plate, means for Withdrawing the i j I forming plate'from beneath the folded-over margin, and meansfor causing relative movementof approachbetween the folder and the support to press the fold. 19. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for thevvork,

a movable carrierlocated above the support, a fformingjplate slidablymounted in the car:

- 'rier, a forming block movably mounted on the carrier, means for moving the carrier downward to bring the forming plate and the forming'block into operative 130Sit1011l1162l11$ for first gathering the marginat the corner 'lof the Work aboutthe forming block and for thereafter bending said marginover the forming plate, means'for moving the forming plate from beneath the bent overmargin, and means for causlngrelatlve movement of ap-.

' proach between t1 effolder and the s pport' to p'r'ess the foldii" V a I 20. A machine of the class describedhaw ing,in combinatiom'a support for the Work,

I a forming Vplate,-Ja forming blockfmeans for causing the 'forminglplate to clamp thebody 1 portion of the work against the support and theforming block to contact With the margin "a tthe corner ofthe ork, a two-part folder and means for causlng the folder to move for a l vvard and its' parts to-inove' together first to cause"tlie margin at theic'orner of, the Work to be gathered about ,theforming block and then to cause the margin tote drawn between the 'blo'ckandthefolder'and bent over upon the former.

' 21'. A machine of thecla ss described hav- 'ing, inicombin'ation, a support for the ork,

a forming plate, a yieldingly mounted formblock, means for causing the forming cplateto clampthe bodyportlon' of the Work against the support and the forming block to contact 'vviththemargin at the corner of the Work, a two part folder and means for caus- 1 ing the jfolder to move forward and its parts jtono'ye togetherlfirst to cause the margin at thecOrner' of the wo kto be gathered about tlie-, fo r ming block and then to cause the margin tof'be drawn betvveenthe block and the ing mechanism, said'jmeans being folder and bent over upon theforming'plate.

22. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for the Work,

a. forming plate, a forming block, means for. causing the forming plate to clamp the body ing block, means for causing the former to clamp the body portion of the work against the support and the forming block to be positioned adjacent to the margin at the corner oft-he work, a folder adapted to co-operate with the forming block and the forming plate, said folder comprising a plurality of sections, and means for causing them toswing together and to move toward the block and the plate. Q LA machine of the class described having,in-combination, a support for a piece of Workcomprising a backing and a cover which projects beyond the edge of the backing, mechanism for folding the margin at the corner of the coverover the margin at the corner of the backing, and means for engaging the edge of the 7 thereof" to facilitate locating the Work properly preparatory to theoperation'of the foldnormally positioned close to the Work adapted to be raised topermit the margin of the cover tobe thrust beneath it.

25. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for a piece of work comprising a backing and a cover which projects beyond the edge of the backing,

mechanism for folding the margin at the corner of the cover over the margin at the corner of the backing, a pair of guides disposed at an angle to each other for engaging the edges of the backing adjacent to the corner-thereof to facilitatelocating the Work properly pre "of the backing, means for engaging the edge of the backing adjacent to the corner thereof to facilitate locating the Work properly preparatory. to the operation of the folding mechanism, and means for moving said means adapted to co-operatewith the form backing adjacent tothe corner support and i to and holding it in inoperative position during said foldingoperationn e i p 12?. A machine of the class described having, in' combination, corner-folding mecha nism and edge-folding mechanism, said last; named mechanism comprising two pressers separate from the folding mechanism adapted to be moved from operative to inoperative positions in paths located one on each side of the corner-folding mechanism. 7

"28. A machine of the class describedhaving mechanism to which the cornersof a piece ofwork may be presented one at atinie, said mechanismcomprising a supportfor the corner portion of the work, a forming block adapted to contact with the inner face of the margin at the corner of the work, a folder having a recess'shaped to i'itiaboutthe 7cooperatmg side portions of the forming bloclt,

said block being located in the path of move- 1m'ent of the folder, means for moving the folder in such manner that the margin is first gathered-about and pressed against the forming'fblo'ck and then bent over the'body portion of the workto form a fold, and means forcausingthe fold to be pressed between the support and the folder.

29. machine of'the classdesorib ed havin mechanism to which the corners of a iece of work may be presented one at a time, said" mechanism comprising a support having a rounded corner, an edge guide haying a contour to correspond to that of the operative 7 portion of the support, a forming. plate adapted to press the body portion of the work againstthe support and thereby margin at the cornerof the work to be bent upwardly against the face of the edge guide,

a forming block ada pted to be held yieldinglyfagainst the inner surface of the upturned jmargin, a folder for gathering the upturned margin about the forming block and for thereafter causing said marginto be drawn between the tool and folder during the formation' of the fold, means for Withdrawing the former, and means for pressing the told;

I 30. A machine of the class described having mechanism to which the corners of a piece of work may be presented one atfatime', said mechanism compri 'ng alsupport for a corner portion of the work, a forming plate constructed andarranged to press the body por tion of the work against the support, means for lniparting a bend to a cornerportionof the margin of thework, *a forming block adapted toengage said bent margiin'a folder for bending said margin about the'edgeof the formin plat-etc form a fold, and means for producing relative movement of approach between the support and the folder to press [the-fold.

31. A machine of'the class described having, in combination, a support for the work,

forming plate, a forming block, means for causing the work to be engaged by the formin n combination, a support for the to cause the work and for causing the forming block to ing plate'and the margin of'theworktobe bent at an angle to the body portion ofthe I be positioned adjacent to the bent margin,

and means for gathering the margin about the forming block andfor laymg-the margin over into a position parallel to thebody' por work, 'a

to beibe'nt into the path of movementof the folder, and for causing the forming block to be positioned adjacent to the bent'margin,

and means for moving the folder first to cause I, the margin to he gatheredabout the form ng 7 block and then to causejthe margin-to be drawn bGJWGGIl the block, andthe folder and laid over into a position parallel to the body portion of the work. v

- f33 A machine ofthe "classdesc ribed haying, incombination', a'support for thework,

-'a forming plate, a forming bloclnmeans for *cz'iu'sin'g the body portion of the Work to be I clamped between'th'e forming plate and the worksu'pport and the margin of the work to be bent at an "anglefto the body portion there- 1 of, and for causing the formingblockto' be positioned adjacent to the bent'margin, and 7 means, for, gathering the margin about the forming blo'clt and for laying 1t over into a positionjparallel to the body port1on of the z work. v 1 a 34. 4 1 machmeof the class described having, in combination, a support for, thework,

a forming plate, a yieldingly mountedformv I I in'g block, means for causing the body portion of the work to be clamped between the formfor,

ing plat'e and the worksupport and the margin of the work to b'e'b'ent atan angleto' the body portion thereohand for causing the the bent margin, and means for gathering the margin about the forming block and for lay ing it over into a position parallel to the body portion ofthe work, a I V 35.,A machine of the class described having in combii'iation', a supportfor thework, means for imparting a bend to a cornerportion of the margin of the work, [a forming block having a substantially unbroken round-' forming block to be positioned adjacent to i 1e ed surface, means a'cting first to gatherthe it margin about said rounded surfacefand then ,to bend the margin overthe body portion of theworlc, and means for yieldinglyholding the bloclzvagamst the nner face ofthe margin durmgthe bending of the margin.

A machine f h lass'described lw-Yf ing, in combination, a support-forthe work,

means for imparting a, bend to a corner portion of; the marginjof. the work, a forming bloclz'adapted to contact with the inner face i of said bent margin, a folder having a recess shaped to fit about the adj ac ent portion ofthe forming block, and means "for moving the folder first to cause the margin at the corner of the work tobe gathered about the forming block and then to cause the margin "to be drawn frictionally between the block and folder and bent-over the body portion of the workp" .37. A machine of the'class described having, in combination, aPsup-port for thework,

I means for imparting a bend to alcornerrportion of the work, a formingblock adapted to contact with the. inner face of said bent margin, a folder having a recess shaped to fit about the adjacent portion of the forming block, means for moving the folder first to cause the margin atthe corner of the work to be gathered about the forming block and then to cause the margin to be drawn fric- 'tionally between the block a'ndfolder and bent over the'body portion of the work to form a fold, and means for pressing the fold. 38. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for the work,

means for imparting a bend to a corner portion of the work, a yieldingly mounted form-v ing block adapted to contact with the inner face of said bent margin, a. folder having a recess shaped to fit about the adjacent portion of the forming block, and means for moving the folder first to cause the margin at the corner of the work to be gathered about the forming block and then to cause the margin to" be drawn frictionally between the block vand folder and bent over the body portion of the work. i i t 39. A machine of the class described having,

' in combination, a support for the work, means 'forimparting a bend to a corner portion of the work, a'forming block adapted to contact with the inner face of said bent margin, a

folder having a recess shapedto fit about the adjacent portion of the forming block, and

means for moving thefolder first to cause the margin at the corner of the work to be gathered about the forming block and then to causesaid margin to be drawn beneath {said block and laid over into a position parallel to the body portion of the work.

'40. A'machine of the class'described hav-' ing, in combination, a support for the work,

ineans for imparting a bend to a corner portion of the work, a forming block adapted "laid over into a position ing, in combination, a support for the work, means for imparting a bend to a corner portion of the work, a yieldingly mounted forming block adapted to contact with the inner face of said bent margin, a folder having recess shaped to fit about .theadjace-nt portion of the forming block, and means for moving the folder first tocause the margin at the corner of the work tobe gathered about the forming block and then to c'ausesaid margin to be drawn beneath said block and parallel to the body portion of the work. i

42. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for the work, means for imparting a bend to a corner portion of the work, a forming block adapted to contact with the inner face of said bent margin at the corner of the work and a folder adapted to 'co-operate with the forming block, said folder comprisinga plurality of sections, and means for causing them to swing together and to move toward the block. v e a a 48.. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for the work,

means for imparting a bend to a corner portion of the work, a formingblock adapted to contact with the inner face of said bent margin at the corner of'the work and a folder adapted to co-operate Wltll: the forming block,said folder comprising a plurality of sections, and means for causing-them to swing together and to move toward the block,

the folders being cut away in such manner that when swung together their forward edge has a recess shaped to fit about the block.

44:. A machine of the class describedhav- .ing, in combination, a supportfifor the work,

means for imparting a bend to acorner portion of the work, a yieldingly mounted forming block adapted to contact with the inner face of said bent margin at the corner of the work and a folder adapted to co-operate with the forming block, said folder compris ng a plurality of sections, and means for causing them to swing together and to move toward the block, the foldersbeing cut away in such manner that when swung together their forward edge has arecess shaped to fitabout the block. A

45. A machineof the class described having, in combination, a support for the work,

means for imparting a bend to a corner portion of the worln a forming block adapted .to contact with the inner face of said bent margin at a corner of the work, a two-part folder, and means for causing the folder to move forward and itsparts to swing toward each other first to cause the margin at the corner of the work .to be-gathered about the forming block and then to cause the margin to be drawn between the block and the folder and laid over into a position parallel to the body portion of the work;

46. A machine of the class described having, in comb1nat1on,a support for the ivorz, means for imparting" a bend to a corner portion of the Work, a yieldingly mounted forming b-lock adapted to contact Withthe inner "face of said bent margin at a corner of the I work, a two-part folder, and means for causing the folder tomove forward and its parts to swing toward each other first to cause the margin at the corner of the ork to be gath- I ered about the forming block and then to cause the vmargin to be drawn between the block and the folder and laidover intoa position parallel to the body portion of the Work.

47. A. machine of'the class described having, in combination, a support. for apiece of Work comprising a backing having round- 7 ed corners and a cover which projects beyond the edge of the backing, a folder, a forming a block arranged to contact with the inner face of the margin of the coverduring the foldand arranged to ongage localities on adjacent-edges of the backing to facilitate locating the Work properly preparatory to the i operation of the folder; p a

48. machine of the class described having, in combination, a support for the Work at a corner thereof, a block having a rounded operative face, a folder having in its edge, a

recess shaped to fit about said face, the block being located in the path of movement of the a folder, and means for operating the "folder to cause'the margin of the Work tobe gathferedabout the block and-then'to cause the margin to be drawn frictionally from between the edge of the. folder and the operative 7 face of the blockand, While being so drawn,

, to be bent over upon the body portionof the Work.

49. A machine of the class described having,-in combination, a support for the work, a block having rounded face adapted to contact With the inner face of the margin at a'corner of the Work, folder having a recess shaped to fit about the adjacent ope "ative' face ofthe block, a forming plate for determining the line of fold, and means for moving the folder'over the body portion 'of the ork whereby the folder first gathers the margin about the rounded face of the block and then moves the block While the margin is being folded about the edgeof the former.

controlled means for moving the guides to- Ward and from operative position.

51. Acmachine for folding the margin at the round corner of a board thereof having,

in combinatiom-a support for the Work,

thercornerof the cover of abool: case over mechanism: for folding-:the margin of'the Work, spaced guides for engaging thework Fin locahties located one on ODQ'SlClB andone on the other side of the corner, and operatorcontrolled means for raising and lowering thegu'ides; p i

' In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this'speeification. I

1 PEIRLEYQRYY. stiles.

ing operation, and a pair'of spaced guides "located one on each side. of the forming block 

